What Causes Cracks In Concrete Troughs & How To Avoid Them

Curing is a crucial stage in concrete production. It involves keeping the concrete moist and at a suitable temperature to allow it to gain strength over time. When concrete is not cured properly, it may dry too quickly, causing shrinkage cracks that weaken the final product.

If a concrete water trough is exposed to rapid evaporation due to heat or wind before curing is complete, microcracks can form on the surface or edges. These cracks may not appear immediately but can expand over time due to internal stress, especially when the trough is repeatedly filled and emptied.

In rural and country regions of NSW and QLD, temperatures can vary widely between seasons, or even between day and night. Concrete expands when heated and contracts when cooled. Repeated exposure to these cycles may create internal stress in the structure, particularly if the mix does not accommodate thermal movement.

Without proper reinforcement or allowance for thermal expansion, this stress can lead to visible surface cracks or internal fractures that eventually compromise the integrity of the trough.

Concrete troughs must rest on stable, level ground to function properly. If the surface underneath a trough shifts due to soil erosion, ground movement, or subsidence, it may cause uneven pressure points. Over time, this imbalance can lead to cracking, especially on one side or along corners.

Rural environments are particularly prone to this issue, as heavy rains or long dry periods can cause the ground to move, expand, or contract, placing extra strain on concrete products resting on the surface.

The strength and durability of concrete depend heavily on the correct balance of materials—cement, aggregates, water, and any additives. An incorrect mix can compromise the finished product.

Too much water in the mix may lead to excessive shrinkage during drying, while too little can affect the bond between particles. Similarly, using low-quality or poorly graded aggregate may reduce the concrete’s compressive strength, making it more prone to cracking under load or environmental stress.

While not all concrete troughs require steel reinforcement, the absence of suitable internal support in larger units can contribute to cracking, especially under high water pressure or if the trough is moved or impacted.

Reinforcement helps the concrete flex slightly under stress, preventing cracking from sudden load shifts, vibrations, or minor impacts. For larger rural operations with high-capacity troughs, reinforcement is a critical consideration in long-term performance.

Concrete troughs are designed to hold water, not to withstand vehicle collisions or be used as impromptu steps or fences. In some cases, cracks are the result of external impact, such as being accidentally bumped by farm machinery or moved using improper techniques.

Dragging a concrete trough or placing it unevenly using heavy equipment can lead to tension within the structure, especially around edges and corners, where the material is most vulnerable.

While not as common in QLD and northern NSW, regions with cooler climates may see cracks due to freeze-thaw cycles. When water inside the trough or concrete pores freezes, it expands. If this occurs repeatedly, it can lead to surface spalling or deeper internal cracking.

This phenomenon is more likely to affect troughs left unused or partially filled in colder seasons without proper drainage.

The manufacturing process plays a significant role in the long-term performance of a concrete trough. High-quality moulding, curing, and material control help prevent structural weaknesses and enhance overall strength.

Troughs should be designed with appropriate wall thickness, slope angles, drainage channels, and reinforcement points. A well-designed product takes into account both function and structural load-bearing requirements, reducing the chance of stress fractures.

Manufacturing facilities that cure their products in a controlled environment are less likely to see issues related to shrinkage or inconsistent strength. Controlled humidity, shade, and temperature help concrete set evenly and gradually—improving durability.

Sourcing high-grade aggregates, using the correct cement blend, and testing mix ratios ensure that every batch of concrete meets strict performance standards. Reputable manufacturers also perform regular product checks to identify any early signs of defects.

Concrete troughs remain one of the most dependable and cost-effective solutions for water storage on rural properties. But like any infrastructure, their long-term performance depends on material quality, proper use, and installation care. By understanding the causes of cracking, such as poor curing, temperature shifts, ground movement, or low-grade materials, property owners can make informed choices that reduce maintenance and prolong durability.

At Graham’s Precast Concrete Products Pty Ltd, we supply high-quality concrete water troughs in NSW and QLD, designed to meet the demands of large-scale rural operations. Manufactured with precision and care, our products are built to endure the challenges of regional properties and deliver dependable performance.